Pumpkin Spice and Everything Nice

As the air grows crisp, autumn brings a cornucopia of delightful flavors, not just for us Ñ but our feathered friends as well. That iconic symbol of fall, the pumpkin, isn't solely for carving or lattes; it's a nutritional powerhouse and a fun, healthy treat that your backyard flock can enjoy.

Pumpkins are nutritional goldmines, packed with beta-carotene, which converts to vitamin A, an essential nutrient for immune function and eye health in both humans and chickens.

“From a culinary perspective, I appreciate how pumpkins offer natural sweetness and moisture that chickens crave, especially as temperatures drop. The high fiber content aids digestion, while the seeds provide healthy fats and protein,” Gabrielle Marie Yap, culinary entrepreneur, said.

“What's particularly interesting is how the vibrant orange color indicates antioxidant density, the same compounds that make pumpkins valuable in our fall cooking make them excellent for supporting flock health.”

The Power of Pumpkin

Pumpkins and squashes are more than just water and fiber; they're a treasure trove of vital nutrients that support everything from egg production to immune health:

• Vitamin A (Beta-Carotene): Pumpkins are loaded with beta-carotene, which chickens convert into Vitamin A. This vitamin is crucial for excellent eyesight, a strong immune system and healthy feather growth. It also plays a key role in reproductive health and robust egg production.
• Fiber: Both soluble and insoluble fiber are abundant in pumpkin flesh and seeds. This is fantastic for digestive health, promoting regular bowel movements, preventing crop impaction and helping chickens absorb nutrients more efficiently from their regular feed. A happy gut often means a healthier chicken!
• Potassium: A vital electrolyte, potassium helps maintain proper fluid balance, nerve function and muscle health. This is particularly beneficial for active birds.
• Vitamin C: While chickens can produce their Vitamin C, an extra boost from natural sources such as pumpkin can support their immune system, especially during times of stress or changing weather.
• Antioxidants: Beyond just vitamins, pumpkins contain various antioxidants that help combat cellular damage, supporting overall vitality and potentially contributing to a longer, healthier life for your flock.
• Zinc: An essential trace mineral, zinc supports immune function, wound healing and proper feather development.
• Water Content: The high-water content (89% in pumpkins) also hydrates flocks during molting seasons, while the fiber aids digestion, which is key for regrowing feathers.

Plus, don't forget the pumpkin seeds. These tiny powerhouses are rich in healthy fats, protein and more zinc.

Many chicken keepers swear by pumpkin seeds as a natural dewormer. However, it's important to note that while they contain cucurbitacin (a compound thought to paralyze some parasites), you should not replace a veterinary-prescribed deworming program if your flock has a confirmed parasitic issue.

“Their bright orange flesh packs beta-carotene (converted to vitamin A), which boosts immune health and egg yolk pigmentation. The seeds? A natural dewormer thanks to cucurbitacin, which gently paralyzes parasites. I’ve seen fewer mites in my coop since adding squash to their diet,” Dr. Sabrina Kong, DVM, said.

Healthy Pumpkin Treats Your Flock Will Love

The beauty of pumpkin for chickens is its versatility. You can serve it up in many forms, making treat time exciting and engaging. Always ensure any pumpkin offered is plain. No salt, sugar, spices or oils, especially not pumpkin pie filling.

“Watching chickens engage with whole pumpkins mirrors how we connect with seasonal ingredients in the kitchen – it's about more than nutrition, it's about seasonal wellness and natural behaviors,” Yap said.

The "Wholesome Gourd" Delight

This is perhaps the easiest and most entertaining way to offer pumpkin. It encourages natural pecking behaviors and provides hours of enrichment.

Treat Type: Raw, whole or halved pumpkin/squash.

Why Chickens Love It: It's an interactive challenge. They love pecking at the firm flesh and scraping out the seeds. It keeps them busy and provides mental stimulation.

Recipe Idea: "Gourd Grazer"

Ingredients: 1 small to medium-sized fresh pumpkin or winter squash (such as butternut or acorn).

Instructions: Simply wash the pumpkin thoroughly. For smaller pumpkins, you can place them whole in the run. For larger ones, carefully cut them in half or quarters. Place the pieces flesh-side up or cut-side up in a clean area of the run. Your chickens will take it from there, pecking at the flesh and scooping out the seeds. Remove any uneaten portions after 24 hours to prevent spoilage.

Baked and Softened Goodness

Baking pumpkin softens the flesh, making it even easier for your chickens to digest and enjoy, especially if you have older birds.

Treat Type: Baked or roasted pumpkin chunks.

Why Chickens Love It: The soft, sweet flesh is irresistible. It’s warm and comforting, especially on a chilly day.

Recipe Idea: Autumnal Mash

Ingredients: 1 medium pumpkin or squash, water.

Instructions: Wash the pumpkin, cut it into manageable pieces, and remove the seeds (you can save these for other treats).

Place the pumpkin chunks on a baking sheet, adding a small amount of water to the bottom of the pan to help steam and soften the pumpkin.

Bake at 375 degrees Fahrenheit (190 degrees Celsius) until the flesh is very soft when pierced with a fork (about 30 to 45 minutes, depending on size).

Let cool completely. Once cool, scoop out the soft flesh and lightly mash it with a fork. You can serve this warm (but not hot) or at room temperature. Offer in a shallow dish for easy access.

The beauty of pumpkins for chickens is its versatility.

Seed and Grain Energy Bites

Pumpkin seeds are a valuable component and combining them with other beneficial grains makes for a satisfying and nutritious snack.

Treat Type: Seed and grain mix incorporating pumpkin or pumpkin seeds.

Why Chickens Love It: It's a high-energy snack that's easy to peck at and provides a textural variety.

Recipe Idea: Harvest Seed Scatter

Ingredients: 1 cup fresh or dried pumpkin seeds (plain, unsalted), 1/2 cup rolled oats, 1/4 cup black oil sunflower seeds (chicken-safe), 1/4 cup cracked corn.

Instructions: If using fresh pumpkin seeds, rinse them well to remove pulp and spread them on a baking sheet to dry thoroughly (or lightly toast them in a low oven until crisp, ensure they are not salted or oiled).

Once dry/toasted, combine the pumpkin seeds with the rolled oats, black oil sunflower seeds and cracked corn in a bowl. Mix well. Scatter a small handful of this mix in their run for a fun foraging activity. This is best as an occasional treat due to its higher fat content.

A Few Final Pointers:

• Moderation is Key: Treats should always make up a small portion (no more than 10%) of your chickens' total diet. Their primary nutrition should always come from a high-quality layer feed.
• Fresh is Best: Only offer fresh, unspoiled pumpkin. Remove any uneaten portions promptly to prevent mold, pests or predators.
• No Sugar, No Spices: Never give your chickens pumpkin pie filling or any pumpkin prepared with added sugars, salts or spices, as these can be harmful to their digestive systems.
• Variety Is the Spice of Life: While pumpkin is fantastic, remember to offer a variety of safe fruits and vegetables to ensure a well-rounded diet.

Embracing the bounty of the autumn season with pumpkins for your flock is a simple, joyful way to boost their health, keep them entertained and add a touch of seasonal festivity to your backyard coop.